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Russia Plans Drills Simulating Tactical Nuclear Weapons Use Amid Ukraine Crisis

Published: 06 May 2024 at 09:04

Politics

Russia announced plans to hold drills simulating the use of tactical nuclear weapons in response to provocative statements from Western officials about the war in Ukraine. This marks the first public announcement of such drills by Russia, with tactical nuclear weapons having a lower yield than strategic ones. The announcement is seen as a warning to Ukraine's Western allies against deeper involvement in the conflict, amidst concerns of NATO-Russia escalation.

DEEP DIVE


Russia–NATO relations (Wikipedia)


Relations between the NATO military alliance and the Russian Federation were established in 1991 within the framework of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council. In 1994, Russia joined the Partnership for Peace program, and on 27 May 1997, the NATO–Russia Founding Act (NRFA) was signed at the 1997 Paris NATO Summit in France, enabling the creation of the NATO–Russia Permanent Joint Council (NRPJC). Through the early part of 2010s NATO and Russia signed several additional agreements on cooperation. The NRPJC was replaced in 2002 by the NATO–Russia Council (NRC), which was established in an effort to partner on security issues and joint projects together.Despite efforts to structure forums that promote cooperation between Russia and NATO, relations as of 2024 have become severely strained over time due to post-Soviet conflicts and territory disputes involving Russia having broken out, including Azerbaijan (1990–1994); Moldova (1992–present); Georgia (2004–present); Lithuania (2006); Estonia (2006–2007); Poland (2006–present); Belarus (2007); Ukraine (2014–present); Syria (2015–present); Turkey (2015–2016); Kazakhstan (2021–2022); and Armenia (2022).Russia–NATO relations started to substantially deteriorate following the Ukrainian Orange Revolution in 2004–05 and the Russo-Georgian War in 2008. They deteriorated even further in 2014, when on 1 April 2014, NATO unanimously decided to suspend all practical co-operation as a response to the Russian annexation of Crimea. In October 2021, following an incident in which NATO expelled eight Russian officials from its Brussels headquarters, Russia suspended its mission to NATO and ordered the closure of the NATO office in Moscow.The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has caused a breakdown of NATO–Russia relationships to the lowest point since the end of the Cold War in 1991. The 2022 NATO Madrid summit declared Russia "a direct threat to Euro-Atlantic security" while the NATO–Russia Council was declared defunct. Although Russian officials and propagandists have claimed that they are "at war" with the whole of NATO and the West, NATO has maintained that its focus is on helping Ukraine defend itself, and not on fighting Russia.

Russia–NATO relations (Wikipedia)


Relations between the NATO military alliance and the Russian Federation were established in 1991 within the framework of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council. In 1994, Russia joined the Partnership for Peace program, and on 27 May 1997, the NATO–Russia Founding Act (NRFA) was signed at the 1997 Paris NATO Summit in France, enabling the creation of the NATO–Russia Permanent Joint Council (NRPJC). Through the early part of 2010s NATO and Russia signed several additional agreements on cooperation. The NRPJC was replaced in 2002 by the NATO–Russia Council (NRC), which was established in an effort to partner on security issues and joint projects together.Despite efforts to structure forums that promote cooperation between Russia and NATO, relations as of 2024 have become severely strained over time due to post-Soviet conflicts and territory disputes involving Russia having broken out, including Azerbaijan (1990–1994); Moldova (1992–present); Georgia (2004–present); Lithuania (2006); Estonia (2006–2007); Poland (2006–present); Belarus (2007); Ukraine (2014–present); Syria (2015–present); Turkey (2015–2016); Kazakhstan (2021–2022); and Armenia (2022).Russia–NATO relations started to substantially deteriorate following the Ukrainian Orange Revolution in 2004–05 and the Russo-Georgian War in 2008. They deteriorated even further in 2014, when on 1 April 2014, NATO unanimously decided to suspend all practical co-operation as a response to the Russian annexation of Crimea. In October 2021, following an incident in which NATO expelled eight Russian officials from its Brussels headquarters, Russia suspended its mission to NATO and ordered the closure of the NATO office in Moscow.The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has caused a breakdown of NATO–Russia relationships to the lowest point since the end of the Cold War in 1991. The 2022 NATO Madrid summit declared Russia "a direct threat to Euro-Atlantic security" while the NATO–Russia Council was declared defunct. Although Russian officials and propagandists have claimed that they are "at war" with the whole of NATO and the West, NATO has maintained that its focus is on helping Ukraine defend itself, and not on fighting Russia.

Russian invasion of Ukraine (Wikipedia)


On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine in an escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War that started in 2014. The invasion became the largest attack on a European country since World War II. It is estimated to have caused tens of thousands of Ukrainian civilian casualties and hundreds of thousands of military casualties. By June 2022, Russian troops occupied about 20% of Ukrainian territory. From a population of 41 million in January 2022, about 8 million Ukrainians had been internally displaced and more than 8.2 million had fled the country by April 2023, creating Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. Extensive environmental damage caused by the war, widely described as an ecocide, contributed to food crises worldwide.Before the invasion, Russian troops massed near Ukraine's borders as Russian officials denied any plans to attack. Russian president Vladimir Putin announced a "special military operation" to support the Russian-backed breakaway republics of Donetsk and Luhansk, whose paramilitary forces had been fighting Ukraine in the Donbas conflict since 2014. Putin espoused irredentist views challenging Ukraine's right to exist, and falsely claimed that Ukraine was governed by neo-Nazis persecuting the Russian minority. He said his goal was to "demilitarize and denazify" Ukraine. Russian air strikes and a ground invasion were launched at a northern front from Belarus towards Kyiv, a southern front from Crimea, and an eastern front from the Donbas and towards Kharkiv. Ukraine enacted martial law, ordered a general mobilization and severed diplomatic relations with Russia.Russian troops retreated from the northern front by April 2022 after encountering logistical challenges and stiff Ukrainian resistance. On the southern and southeastern fronts, Russia captured Kherson in March and Mariupol in May after a destructive siege. Russia launched a renewed offensive in the Donbas and continued to bomb military and civilian targets far from the front line, including the energy grid through the winter. In late 2022, Ukraine launched successful counteroffensives in the south and east. Soon after, Russia announced the illegal annexation of four partly occupied regions. In November, Ukraine retook parts of Kherson Oblast, including the city of Kherson itself. In June 2023, Ukraine launched another counteroffensive in the southeast.The invasion was met with international condemnation. The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution condemning the invasion and demanding a full Russian withdrawal in March 2022. The International Court of Justice ordered Russia to suspend military operations and the Council of Europe expelled Russia. Many countries imposed sanctions on Russia and its ally Belarus, and provided humanitarian and military aid to Ukraine. The Baltic states all declared Russia a terrorist state. Protests occurred around the world, along with mass arrests of anti-war protesters in Russia, which also enacted a law enabling greater media censorship. Over 1,000 companies closed their operations in Russia and Belarus as a result of the invasion. The International Criminal Court (ICC) opened investigations into possible crimes against humanity, war crimes, abduction of children, and genocide. The court issued an arrest warrant for Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova in March 2023, alleging responsibility for the unlawful deportation of children.

Russian invasion of Ukraine (Wikipedia)


On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine in an escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War that started in 2014. The invasion became the largest attack on a European country since World War II. It is estimated to have caused tens of thousands of Ukrainian civilian casualties and hundreds of thousands of military casualties. By June 2022, Russian troops occupied about 20% of Ukrainian territory. From a population of 41 million in January 2022, about 8 million Ukrainians had been internally displaced and more than 8.2 million had fled the country by April 2023, creating Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. Extensive environmental damage caused by the war, widely described as an ecocide, contributed to food crises worldwide.Before the invasion, Russian troops massed near Ukraine's borders as Russian officials denied any plans to attack. Russian president Vladimir Putin announced a "special military operation" to support the Russian-backed breakaway republics of Donetsk and Luhansk, whose paramilitary forces had been fighting Ukraine in the Donbas conflict since 2014. Putin espoused irredentist views challenging Ukraine's right to exist, and falsely claimed that Ukraine was governed by neo-Nazis persecuting the Russian minority. He said his goal was to "demilitarize and denazify" Ukraine. Russian air strikes and a ground invasion were launched at a northern front from Belarus towards Kyiv, a southern front from Crimea, and an eastern front from the Donbas and towards Kharkiv. Ukraine enacted martial law, ordered a general mobilization and severed diplomatic relations with Russia.Russian troops retreated from the northern front by April 2022 after encountering logistical challenges and stiff Ukrainian resistance. On the southern and southeastern fronts, Russia captured Kherson in March and Mariupol in May after a destructive siege. Russia launched a renewed offensive in the Donbas and continued to bomb military and civilian targets far from the front line, including the energy grid through the winter. In late 2022, Ukraine launched successful counteroffensives in the south and east. Soon after, Russia announced the illegal annexation of four partly occupied regions. In November, Ukraine retook parts of Kherson Oblast, including the city of Kherson itself. In June 2023, Ukraine launched another counteroffensive in the southeast.The invasion was met with international condemnation. The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution condemning the invasion and demanding a full Russian withdrawal in March 2022. The International Court of Justice ordered Russia to suspend military operations and the Council of Europe expelled Russia. Many countries imposed sanctions on Russia and its ally Belarus, and provided humanitarian and military aid to Ukraine. The Baltic states all declared Russia a terrorist state. Protests occurred around the world, along with mass arrests of anti-war protesters in Russia, which also enacted a law enabling greater media censorship. Over 1,000 companies closed their operations in Russia and Belarus as a result of the invasion. The International Criminal Court (ICC) opened investigations into possible crimes against humanity, war crimes, abduction of children, and genocide. The court issued an arrest warrant for Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova in March 2023, alleging responsibility for the unlawful deportation of children.

Russo-Ukrainian War (Wikipedia)


The Russo-Ukrainian War is an ongoing international conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which began in February 2014. Following Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine and supported pro-Russian separatists fighting the Ukrainian military in the Donbas war. The first eight years of conflict also included naval incidents, cyberwarfare, and heightened political tensions. In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine and began occupying more of the country.In early 2014, the Euromaidan protests led to the Revolution of Dignity and the ousting of Ukraine's pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych. Shortly after, pro-Russian unrest erupted in eastern and southern Ukraine, while unmarked Russian troops occupied Crimea. Russia soon annexed Crimea after a highly disputed referendum. In April 2014, Russian-backed militants seized towns in Ukraine's eastern Donbas region and proclaimed the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and the Luhansk People's Republic (LPR) as independent states, starting the Donbas war. The separatists received considerable but covert support from Russia, and Ukrainian attempts to fully retake separatist-held areas failed. Although Russia denied involvement, Russian troops took part in the fighting. In February 2015, Russia and Ukraine signed the Minsk II agreements to end the conflict, but they were never fully implemented in the years that followed. The Donbas war settled into a violent but static conflict between Ukraine and the Russian and separatist forces, with many brief ceasefires but no lasting peace and few changes in territorial control.Beginning in 2021, Russia built up a large military presence near its border with Ukraine, including within neighbouring Belarus. Russian officials repeatedly denied plans to attack Ukraine. Russian president Vladimir Putin expressed irredentist views and denied Ukraine's right to exist. He criticized the enlargement of NATO and demanded that Ukraine be barred from ever joining the military alliance. Russia recognized the DPR and LPR as independent states. On 24 February 2022, Putin announced a "special military operation" to "demilitarize and denazify" Ukraine, claiming Russia had no plans to occupy the country. The Russian invasion that followed was internationally condemned; many countries imposed sanctions against Russia and increased existing sanctions. In the face of fierce resistance, Russia abandoned an attempt to take Kyiv in early April. From August, Ukrainian forces began recapturing territories in the north-east and south. In late September, Russia declared the annexation of four partially-occupied regions, which was internationally condemned. Russia spent the winter conducting inconclusive offensives in the Donbas. In spring 2023, Russia dug into positions ahead of another Ukrainian counteroffensive, which failed to gain significant ground. The war has resulted in a refugee crisis and tens of thousands of deaths.

Russo-Ukrainian War (Wikipedia)


The Russo-Ukrainian War is an ongoing international conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which began in February 2014. Following Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine and supported pro-Russian separatists fighting the Ukrainian military in the Donbas war. The first eight years of conflict also included naval incidents, cyberwarfare, and heightened political tensions. In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine and began occupying more of the country.In early 2014, the Euromaidan protests led to the Revolution of Dignity and the ousting of Ukraine's pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych. Shortly after, pro-Russian unrest erupted in eastern and southern Ukraine, while unmarked Russian troops occupied Crimea. Russia soon annexed Crimea after a highly disputed referendum. In April 2014, Russian-backed militants seized towns in Ukraine's eastern Donbas region and proclaimed the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and the Luhansk People's Republic (LPR) as independent states, starting the Donbas war. The separatists received considerable but covert support from Russia, and Ukrainian attempts to fully retake separatist-held areas failed. Although Russia denied involvement, Russian troops took part in the fighting. In February 2015, Russia and Ukraine signed the Minsk II agreements to end the conflict, but they were never fully implemented in the years that followed. The Donbas war settled into a violent but static conflict between Ukraine and the Russian and separatist forces, with many brief ceasefires but no lasting peace and few changes in territorial control.Beginning in 2021, Russia built up a large military presence near its border with Ukraine, including within neighbouring Belarus. Russian officials repeatedly denied plans to attack Ukraine. Russian president Vladimir Putin expressed irredentist views and denied Ukraine's right to exist. He criticized the enlargement of NATO and demanded that Ukraine be barred from ever joining the military alliance. Russia recognized the DPR and LPR as independent states. On 24 February 2022, Putin announced a "special military operation" to "demilitarize and denazify" Ukraine, claiming Russia had no plans to occupy the country. The Russian invasion that followed was internationally condemned; many countries imposed sanctions against Russia and increased existing sanctions. In the face of fierce resistance, Russia abandoned an attempt to take Kyiv in early April. From August, Ukrainian forces began recapturing territories in the north-east and south. In late September, Russia declared the annexation of four partially-occupied regions, which was internationally condemned. Russia spent the winter conducting inconclusive offensives in the Donbas. In spring 2023, Russia dug into positions ahead of another Ukrainian counteroffensive, which failed to gain significant ground. The war has resulted in a refugee crisis and tens of thousands of deaths.

North Korea Shipping Missiles to Russia to Aid Putin's War in Ukraine


North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has been mass producing missiles with Western technology and supplying them to Russia for use in the war in Ukraine. The shipments have resulted in at least 24 deaths and over 70 injuries in Ukraine. The weapons are suspected to be traded for technical assistance in North Korea's spy satellite program. These actions violate UN sanctions imposed on North Korea since 2006 for its missile and nuclear programs. The Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) in London has been monitoring the weapon shipments from North Korea to Russia.

North Korea Shipping Missiles to Russia to Aid Putin's War in Ukraine


North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has been mass producing missiles with Western technology and supplying them to Russia for use in the war in Ukraine. The shipments have resulted in at least 24 deaths and over 70 injuries in Ukraine. The weapons are suspected to be traded for technical assistance in North Korea's spy satellite program. These actions violate UN sanctions imposed on North Korea since 2006 for its missile and nuclear programs. The Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) in London has been monitoring the weapon shipments from North Korea to Russia.

Troops and Tanks Amass in Moscow For Victory Day Display Amid Putin's Latest Inauguration


Troops and tanks are gathering in Moscow for Russia's Victory Day celebrations, coinciding with Putin's latest presidential inauguration following a controversial election. The annual event marks the country's role in defeating Nazi Germany in World War II. The display comes as Russia faces reports of losing 1,000 troops daily in the Ukraine invasion. Putin, attending Easter mass, faces criticism for rocket attacks in Ukraine. Victory Day, on May 9, commemorates Nazi Germany's surrender in 1945. This year's event follows Putin's inauguration, marking his continuation of power since 1999.

Troops and Tanks Amass in Moscow For Victory Day Display Amid Putin's Latest Inauguration


Troops and tanks are gathering in Moscow for Russia's Victory Day celebrations, coinciding with Putin's latest presidential inauguration following a controversial election. The annual event marks the country's role in defeating Nazi Germany in World War II. The display comes as Russia faces reports of losing 1,000 troops daily in the Ukraine invasion. Putin, attending Easter mass, faces criticism for rocket attacks in Ukraine. Victory Day, on May 9, commemorates Nazi Germany's surrender in 1945. This year's event follows Putin's inauguration, marking his continuation of power since 1999.

Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – present) (Wikipedia)


This timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine covers the period from 1 December 2023 to the present day.

Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – present) (Wikipedia)


This timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine covers the period from 1 December 2023 to the present day.

Russian Rocket Strike in Ukraine Kills Two, Drone Attack Injures Six


A Russian rocket strike in Ukraine's eastern Donetsk region killed two people, while a drone attack in the northeastern city of Kharkiv injured at least six. Ukrainian leaders, including President Zelensky, have used religion to rally society behind the war effort. In response, Russia has intensified attacks in cities like Kharkiv and Dnipro, resulting in civilian casualties and damage to infrastructure. Ukrainian forces have successfully shot down Russian drones and a fighter-bomber, with ongoing fighting in areas like Ocheretyne in Donetsk. Russia has opened a criminal case against Zelensky, who is wanted in Russia.

Russian Rocket Strike in Ukraine Kills Two, Drone Attack Injures Six


A Russian rocket strike in Ukraine's eastern Donetsk region killed two people, while a drone attack in the northeastern city of Kharkiv injured at least six. Ukrainian leaders, including President Zelensky, have used religion to rally society behind the war effort. In response, Russia has intensified attacks in cities like Kharkiv and Dnipro, resulting in civilian casualties and damage to infrastructure. Ukrainian forces have successfully shot down Russian drones and a fighter-bomber, with ongoing fighting in areas like Ocheretyne in Donetsk. Russia has opened a criminal case against Zelensky, who is wanted in Russia.

Ukraine–NATO relations (Wikipedia)


Relations between Ukraine and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) started in 1991 following Ukraine's independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Ukraine first joined NATO's Partnership for Peace program in 1994, later joining the Planning and Review Process in 1997 and the NATO-Ukraine Commission in 1998. Although Ukraine initially declared neutrality and non-alignment with military blocs after independence, it later signaled interest in eventual NATO membership. After Russia's annexation of Crimea and support for separatist forces in eastern Ukraine in 2014, Ukraine began actively pursuing NATO membership, formally declaring it a strategic policy objective in 2017.However, NATO membership prospects remain uncertain due to ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine and concerns over meeting membership criteria. While public support for NATO membership has risen in Ukraine since 2014, the prospect continues to face opposition from Russia, which sees Ukraine's potential NATO accession as a security threat.A 2017 poll found that some 69% of Ukrainians wanted to join NATO, compared to 28% in 2012 when Yanukovych was in power. In February 2019, the Ukrainian parliament voted to amend the Constitution of Ukraine to state Ukraine's goal of NATO and European Union membership. At the June 2021 Brussels summit, NATO leaders reiterated the decision taken at the 2008 Bucharest summit that Ukraine would eventually become a NATO member with the MAP as an integral part of the process, and Ukraine's right to determine its future and foreign policy without outside interference. NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg also stressed that Russia will not be able to veto Ukraine's accession to NATO "as we will not return to the era of spheres of interest, when large countries decide what smaller ones should do." Before further actions on NATO membership were taken, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022.Polls conducted between 2005 and 2013 found low support among Ukrainians for NATO membership. However, since the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, Ukrainian public support for NATO membership has risen greatly. Since June 2014, polls showed that about 50% of those asked supported Ukrainian NATO membership.On 30 September 2022, Ukraine formally applied to join NATO, following Russia's annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine.

Ukraine–NATO relations (Wikipedia)


Relations between Ukraine and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) started in 1991 following Ukraine's independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Ukraine first joined NATO's Partnership for Peace program in 1994, later joining the Planning and Review Process in 1997 and the NATO-Ukraine Commission in 1998. Although Ukraine initially declared neutrality and non-alignment with military blocs after independence, it later signaled interest in eventual NATO membership. After Russia's annexation of Crimea and support for separatist forces in eastern Ukraine in 2014, Ukraine began actively pursuing NATO membership, formally declaring it a strategic policy objective in 2017.However, NATO membership prospects remain uncertain due to ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine and concerns over meeting membership criteria. While public support for NATO membership has risen in Ukraine since 2014, the prospect continues to face opposition from Russia, which sees Ukraine's potential NATO accession as a security threat.A 2017 poll found that some 69% of Ukrainians wanted to join NATO, compared to 28% in 2012 when Yanukovych was in power. In February 2019, the Ukrainian parliament voted to amend the Constitution of Ukraine to state Ukraine's goal of NATO and European Union membership. At the June 2021 Brussels summit, NATO leaders reiterated the decision taken at the 2008 Bucharest summit that Ukraine would eventually become a NATO member with the MAP as an integral part of the process, and Ukraine's right to determine its future and foreign policy without outside interference. NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg also stressed that Russia will not be able to veto Ukraine's accession to NATO "as we will not return to the era of spheres of interest, when large countries decide what smaller ones should do." Before further actions on NATO membership were taken, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022.Polls conducted between 2005 and 2013 found low support among Ukrainians for NATO membership. However, since the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, Ukrainian public support for NATO membership has risen greatly. Since June 2014, polls showed that about 50% of those asked supported Ukrainian NATO membership.On 30 September 2022, Ukraine formally applied to join NATO, following Russia's annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine.

List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War (Wikipedia)


This is a list of known military aid, that has been and will be provided to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War, particularly during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This list includes delivered equipment, training, intelligence, treatment of soldiers, logistical support as well as financial support to the Ukrainian government unless earmarked for humanitarian purposes. Weapons donated as a result of cooperation between multiple countries are listed separately in each country category.In total aid (military, financial and humanitarian combined), the European Union and its countries have provided the most to Ukraine, according to Kiel Institute, whereas the United States has by far provided the most in military aid. Since January 2022, mostly Western nations have pledged more than $380 billion in aid to Ukraine, including nearly $118 billion in direct military aid to Ukraine from individual countries.Some NATO countries and allies, such as Germany and Sweden, have reversed past policies against providing offensive military aid in order to support Ukraine, while the European Union for the first time in its history supplied lethal arms through its institutions.The Russian government has condemned the supply of military aid to Ukraine. Russia's president Vladimir Putin said that if military aid stopped, Ukraine would not survive for long. The Center for Strategic and International Studies assessed in December 2023 that if the United States stopped sending military aid, European countries could not quickly fill the gap. If this happened, it forecast that Ukraine's defensive capabilities would gradually weaken and Ukraine's frontline would collapse.

List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War (Wikipedia)


This is a list of known military aid, that has been and will be provided to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War, particularly during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This list includes delivered equipment, training, intelligence, treatment of soldiers, logistical support as well as financial support to the Ukrainian government unless earmarked for humanitarian purposes. Weapons donated as a result of cooperation between multiple countries are listed separately in each country category.In total aid (military, financial and humanitarian combined), the European Union and its countries have provided the most to Ukraine, according to Kiel Institute, whereas the United States has by far provided the most in military aid. Since January 2022, mostly Western nations have pledged more than $380 billion in aid to Ukraine, including nearly $118 billion in direct military aid to Ukraine from individual countries.Some NATO countries and allies, such as Germany and Sweden, have reversed past policies against providing offensive military aid in order to support Ukraine, while the European Union for the first time in its history supplied lethal arms through its institutions.The Russian government has condemned the supply of military aid to Ukraine. Russia's president Vladimir Putin said that if military aid stopped, Ukraine would not survive for long. The Center for Strategic and International Studies assessed in December 2023 that if the United States stopped sending military aid, European countries could not quickly fill the gap. If this happened, it forecast that Ukraine's defensive capabilities would gradually weaken and Ukraine's frontline would collapse.

Russian Attacks Continue in Ukraine as Chinese President Xi Jinping Arrives in France


On Orthodox Easter, Russian drone and bomb attacks killed a woman and injured 24 in Kharkiv; Russian forces captured the village of Ocheretyne in Donetsk region; Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived in France to discuss the war in Ukraine with President Emmanuel Macron; Ukrainian President Zelenskyy called for unity and prayer for the soldiers; Ukraine's Eurovision winner Jamala expressed the need to participate in the song contest despite calls for a boycott due to Russia's invasion; Xi Jinping aims to work with France and the international community to find a resolution for the conflict in Ukraine.

Russian Attacks Continue in Ukraine as Chinese President Xi Jinping Arrives in France


On Orthodox Easter, Russian drone and bomb attacks killed a woman and injured 24 in Kharkiv; Russian forces captured the village of Ocheretyne in Donetsk region; Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived in France to discuss the war in Ukraine with President Emmanuel Macron; Ukrainian President Zelenskyy called for unity and prayer for the soldiers; Ukraine's Eurovision winner Jamala expressed the need to participate in the song contest despite calls for a boycott due to Russia's invasion; Xi Jinping aims to work with France and the international community to find a resolution for the conflict in Ukraine.

Ukrainian drone attack in Russian border region kills 6 and injures 35


Six people were killed and 35 others injured in a Ukrainian drone attack in Russia's Belgorod region. The drones targeted vehicles carrying company employees and a passenger car, with two children sustaining minor injuries and one man in serious condition undergoing surgery. The Russian Investigative Committee will investigate the attack. Belgorod has been a repeated target of Ukrainian attacks since the invasion of Ukraine over two years ago.

Ukrainian drone attack in Russian border region kills 6 and injures 35


Six people were killed and 35 others injured in a Ukrainian drone attack in Russia's Belgorod region. The drones targeted vehicles carrying company employees and a passenger car, with two children sustaining minor injuries and one man in serious condition undergoing surgery. The Russian Investigative Committee will investigate the attack. Belgorod has been a repeated target of Ukrainian attacks since the invasion of Ukraine over two years ago.

Russia recruiting Cubans to fight in Ukraine, BBC research shows


Russian army recruits over 200 Cuban nationals to fight in Ukraine, leaked passport details reveal links to Russian army officers, some Cubans posted Russia-related content since August 2023, more than 50,000 Russian troops killed in Ukraine, Ukraine estimates 500,000 Russian soldiers killed or wounded, recruiting foreigners helps Russia replace losses and avoid risks of mobilising Russians forcibly, Russia and Cuba's alliance since the Cold War aids in easy recruitment due to visa-free travel and direct flights to Moscow, offers of lucrative army contracts attract Cuban men seeking to escape economic hardships in Cuba

Russia recruiting Cubans to fight in Ukraine, BBC research shows


Russian army recruits over 200 Cuban nationals to fight in Ukraine, leaked passport details reveal links to Russian army officers, some Cubans posted Russia-related content since August 2023, more than 50,000 Russian troops killed in Ukraine, Ukraine estimates 500,000 Russian soldiers killed or wounded, recruiting foreigners helps Russia replace losses and avoid risks of mobilising Russians forcibly, Russia and Cuba's alliance since the Cold War aids in easy recruitment due to visa-free travel and direct flights to Moscow, offers of lucrative army contracts attract Cuban men seeking to escape economic hardships in Cuba

French Government Targeted by Cyberattacks, Blames Pro-Russia Group


The French government experienced cyberattacks described as of unprecedented intensity, resulting in a special crisis center activation to restore online services. The attacks, allegedly by a group called Anonymous Sudan, were denial-of-service attacks aimed at overwhelming government ministries. France has accused Russia of ongoing online manipulation against Ukraine's Western supporters. President Macron has taken a firm stance against Moscow since the conflict in Ukraine began. Improved cyber defenses are a priority for France, particularly ahead of the Paris Olympics.

French Government Targeted by Cyberattacks, Blames Pro-Russia Group


The French government experienced cyberattacks described as of unprecedented intensity, resulting in a special crisis center activation to restore online services. The attacks, allegedly by a group called Anonymous Sudan, were denial-of-service attacks aimed at overwhelming government ministries. France has accused Russia of ongoing online manipulation against Ukraine's Western supporters. President Macron has taken a firm stance against Moscow since the conflict in Ukraine began. Improved cyber defenses are a priority for France, particularly ahead of the Paris Olympics.

Ukraine's President Zelensky Hails God as 'Ally' in War with Russia


President Volodymyr Zelensky praised God as Ukraine's 'ally' in the conflict with Russia during his Orthodox Easter address, urging unity in prayer. As violent incidents escalate, including drone strikes and rocket attacks in the east, Zelensky emphasized the importance of faith and resilience. Russian President Putin did not address the war in his Easter message, while religious institutions in both countries have been utilized to support the war effort. Ukrainians, including soldiers, sought blessings during Easter, amidst ongoing conflict and a need for international military aid.

Ukraine's President Zelensky Hails God as 'Ally' in War with Russia


President Volodymyr Zelensky praised God as Ukraine's 'ally' in the conflict with Russia during his Orthodox Easter address, urging unity in prayer. As violent incidents escalate, including drone strikes and rocket attacks in the east, Zelensky emphasized the importance of faith and resilience. Russian President Putin did not address the war in his Easter message, while religious institutions in both countries have been utilized to support the war effort. Ukrainians, including soldiers, sought blessings during Easter, amidst ongoing conflict and a need for international military aid.

Enlargement of NATO (Wikipedia)


NATO is a military alliance of thirty-one European and North American countries that constitutes a system of collective defense. The process of joining the alliance is governed by Article 10 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which allows for the invitation of "other European States" only and by subsequent agreements. Countries wishing to join must meet certain requirements and complete a multi-step process involving political dialog and military integration. The accession process is overseen by the North Atlantic Council, NATO's governing body. NATO was formed in 1949 with twelve founding members and has added new members nine times. The first additions were Greece and Turkey in 1952. In May 1955, West Germany joined NATO, which was one of the conditions agreed to as part of the end of the country's occupation by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, prompting the Soviet Union to form its own collective security alliance (commonly called the Warsaw Pact) later that month. Following the end of the Franco regime, newly democratic Spain chose to join NATO in 1982.In 1990, the negotiators reached an agreement that a reunified Germany would be in NATO under West Germany's existing membership. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, many former Warsaw Pact and post-Soviet states sought to join NATO. Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic became NATO members in 1999, amid much debate within NATO itself and Russian opposition. NATO then formalized the process of joining the organization with "Membership Action Plans", which aided the accession of seven Central and Eastern Europe countries shortly before the 2004 Istanbul summit: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Two countries on the Adriatic Sea—Albania and Croatia—joined on 1 April 2009 before the 2009 Strasbourg–Kehl summit. The next member states to join NATO were Montenegro on 5 June 2017, and North Macedonia on 27 March 2020.Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022 after Russia's president, Vladimir Putin, falsely claimed that NATO military infrastructure was being built up inside Ukraine and that Ukraine's potential future membership was a threat. Russia's invasion prompted Finland and Sweden to apply for NATO membership in May 2022. Finland joined on 4 April 2023, while the ratification process for Sweden is ongoing. Ukraine applied for NATO membership in September 2022 after Russia proclaimed the annexation of its territory. Two other states have formally informed NATO of their membership aspirations: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia. Kosovo also aspires to join NATO. Joining the alliance is a debate topic in several other European countries outside the alliance, including Austria, Cyprus, Ireland, Malta, Moldova, and Serbia.On 26 February 2024, Sweden would complete its last hurdle to joining NATO following approval from the Hungarian Parliament.

Enlargement of NATO (Wikipedia)


NATO is a military alliance of thirty-one European and North American countries that constitutes a system of collective defense. The process of joining the alliance is governed by Article 10 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which allows for the invitation of "other European States" only and by subsequent agreements. Countries wishing to join must meet certain requirements and complete a multi-step process involving political dialog and military integration. The accession process is overseen by the North Atlantic Council, NATO's governing body. NATO was formed in 1949 with twelve founding members and has added new members nine times. The first additions were Greece and Turkey in 1952. In May 1955, West Germany joined NATO, which was one of the conditions agreed to as part of the end of the country's occupation by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, prompting the Soviet Union to form its own collective security alliance (commonly called the Warsaw Pact) later that month. Following the end of the Franco regime, newly democratic Spain chose to join NATO in 1982.In 1990, the negotiators reached an agreement that a reunified Germany would be in NATO under West Germany's existing membership. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, many former Warsaw Pact and post-Soviet states sought to join NATO. Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic became NATO members in 1999, amid much debate within NATO itself and Russian opposition. NATO then formalized the process of joining the organization with "Membership Action Plans", which aided the accession of seven Central and Eastern Europe countries shortly before the 2004 Istanbul summit: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Two countries on the Adriatic Sea—Albania and Croatia—joined on 1 April 2009 before the 2009 Strasbourg–Kehl summit. The next member states to join NATO were Montenegro on 5 June 2017, and North Macedonia on 27 March 2020.Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022 after Russia's president, Vladimir Putin, falsely claimed that NATO military infrastructure was being built up inside Ukraine and that Ukraine's potential future membership was a threat. Russia's invasion prompted Finland and Sweden to apply for NATO membership in May 2022. Finland joined on 4 April 2023, while the ratification process for Sweden is ongoing. Ukraine applied for NATO membership in September 2022 after Russia proclaimed the annexation of its territory. Two other states have formally informed NATO of their membership aspirations: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia. Kosovo also aspires to join NATO. Joining the alliance is a debate topic in several other European countries outside the alliance, including Austria, Cyprus, Ireland, Malta, Moldova, and Serbia.On 26 February 2024, Sweden would complete its last hurdle to joining NATO following approval from the Hungarian Parliament.

Russian President Putin Begins Fifth Term Amid Controversy


Russian President Vladimir Putin has started his fifth term amidst controversy after eliminating political opposition, involvement in the Ukraine conflict, and tightening his grip on power. Recent events include a war in Ukraine, suppression of dissent, and sentencing of activists like Oleg Orlov. Grave sites of Russian soldiers killed in Ukraine further highlight the ongoing tensions.

Russian President Putin Begins Fifth Term Amid Controversy


Russian President Vladimir Putin has started his fifth term amidst controversy after eliminating political opposition, involvement in the Ukraine conflict, and tightening his grip on power. Recent events include a war in Ukraine, suppression of dissent, and sentencing of activists like Oleg Orlov. Grave sites of Russian soldiers killed in Ukraine further highlight the ongoing tensions.

Ukrainian and Russian Presidents' Easter Messages Take on Political Tone


Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy asserted that God had a Ukrainian flag on his shoulder during Orthodox Easter services, calling on Ukrainians to pray for each other and the soldiers on the frontline. Meanwhile, Russian President Vladimir Putin attended a church service led by Patriarch Kirill, a supporter of the Russian president, where prayers were made for the protection of Russia's borders and an end to the strife with Ukraine.

Ukrainian and Russian Presidents' Easter Messages Take on Political Tone


Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy asserted that God had a Ukrainian flag on his shoulder during Orthodox Easter services, calling on Ukrainians to pray for each other and the soldiers on the frontline. Meanwhile, Russian President Vladimir Putin attended a church service led by Patriarch Kirill, a supporter of the Russian president, where prayers were made for the protection of Russia's borders and an end to the strife with Ukraine.

Russia Plans Drills Simulating Tactical Nuclear Weapons Use Amid Ukraine Crisis Russia Plans Drills Simulating Tactical Nuclear Weapons Use Amid Ukraine Crisis Russia Plans Drills Simulating Tactical Nuclear Weapons Use Amid Ukraine Crisis Russia Plans Drills Simulating Tactical Nuclear Weapons Use Amid Ukraine Crisis Russia Plans Drills Simulating Tactical Nuclear Weapons Use Amid Ukraine Crisis

SOURCES

Yahoo! News

Russia to practice tactical nuclear weapon scenario to deter West - defence ministry

Yahoo! News

The Guardian

Russia-Ukraine war live: Putin orders nuclear weapons drills

https://www.theguardian.com/profile/charlie-moloney

ABC News

Russia announces nuclear weapon drills after angry exchange with senior Western officials

ABC News

Yahoo! News

Russia announces nuclear weapon drills after angry exchange with senior Western officials

Yahoo! News

Daily Mail

Russia to practice nuclear strikes and increase missile arsenal

James Reynolds

The Moscow Times

Russia Says Preparing Non-Strategic Nuclear Strike Drills - The Moscow Times

The Moscow Times

AP News

Russia announces nuclear weapon drills after angry exchange with senior Western officials

By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

Wikipedia

Russia–NATO relations

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Russia–NATO relations

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Russian invasion of Ukraine

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Russian invasion of Ukraine

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Russo-Ukrainian War

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Russo-Ukrainian War

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PANORA

North Korea Shipping Missiles to Russia to Aid Putin's War in Ukraine

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North Korea Shipping Missiles to Russia to Aid Putin's War in Ukraine

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Troops and Tanks Amass in Moscow For Victory Day Display Amid Putin's Latest Inauguration

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Troops and Tanks Amass in Moscow For Victory Day Display Amid Putin's Latest Inauguration

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Wikipedia

Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – present)

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Wikipedia

Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – present)

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PANORA

Russian Rocket Strike in Ukraine Kills Two, Drone Attack Injures Six

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Russian Rocket Strike in Ukraine Kills Two, Drone Attack Injures Six

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Ukraine–NATO relations

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Ukraine–NATO relations

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List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War

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List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War

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Russian Attacks Continue in Ukraine as Chinese President Xi Jinping Arrives in France

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Russian Attacks Continue in Ukraine as Chinese President Xi Jinping Arrives in France

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Ukrainian drone attack in Russian border region kills 6 and injures 35

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Ukrainian drone attack in Russian border region kills 6 and injures 35

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Russia recruiting Cubans to fight in Ukraine, BBC research shows

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Russia recruiting Cubans to fight in Ukraine, BBC research shows

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French Government Targeted by Cyberattacks, Blames Pro-Russia Group

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French Government Targeted by Cyberattacks, Blames Pro-Russia Group

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Ukraine's President Zelensky Hails God as 'Ally' in War with Russia

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Ukraine's President Zelensky Hails God as 'Ally' in War with Russia

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Wikipedia

Enlargement of NATO

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Wikipedia

Enlargement of NATO

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PANORA

Russian President Putin Begins Fifth Term Amid Controversy

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Russian President Putin Begins Fifth Term Amid Controversy

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Ukrainian and Russian Presidents' Easter Messages Take on Political Tone

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Ukrainian and Russian Presidents' Easter Messages Take on Political Tone

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