Indonesian authorities issued a tsunami alert after the Ruang volcano on Sulawesi island had at least five large eruptions in the past 24 hours, prompting the evacuation of over 11,000 people. The volcano, part of the archipelago prone to volcanic activity due to its location along the "Ring of Fire," raised its alert to the highest level. Residents were urged to stay away from the volcano, and Tagulandang island to the northeast is at risk. The last eruption of Mount Ruang was in September 2022, and videos of volcanic lightning and ash clouds have been captured.
Multiple eruptions from the Ruang volcano in Indonesia's North Sulawesi province have led to the evacuation of at least 800 people. The volcano, located on Ruang island near the provincial capital Manado, emitted lava and ash clouds into the sky, prompting the National Agency for Disaster Countermeasure to raise the alert level to Orange. Evacuations were carried out in Pumpente Village and Pathology Village in the Tagulandang District, and communities around Mount Ruang were advised to stay vigilant and avoid the area near the active crater.
A strong and shallow undersea earthquake measuring 6.4 struck the eastern side of Indonesia's main island of Java, causing damage but no immediate casualties. The quake occurred north of Paciran in East Java province, with two smaller quakes preceding it. Indonesia's Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysical Agency ruled out a tsunami threat but warned of aftershocks. Indonesia, located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, faces frequent seismic activity. Previous deadly quakes in the region include one in 2023 that killed 600 people in West Java and the 2018 Sulawesi quake and tsunami that claimed over 4,300 lives.
A volcanic tsunami, also called a volcanogenic tsunami, is a tsunami produced by volcanic phenomena. About 20–25% of all fatalities at volcanoes during the past 250 years have been caused by volcanic tsunamis. The most devastating volcanic tsunami in recorded history was that produced by the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa. The waves reached heights of 40 m (130 ft) and killed 36,000 people.
This is a list of volcanic eruptions in the 21st century with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 4 or higher, and smaller eruptions that resulted in fatalities, significant damage or disruptions.As of 9 April 2024, the largest volcanic eruption of the 21st century is the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami, and the deadliest are the 2018 Volcán de Fuego eruption and the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami.
Heavy rainfall on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi led to landslides in the Tana Toraja district, causing at least 14 deaths and leaving three people missing. Search and rescue operations are ongoing in the affected villages of Makale and South Makale, with emergency response efforts hindered by challenging conditions including downed communication lines, bad weather, and damaged roads. Similar recent incidents occurred in Sumatra and central Indonesia, highlighting the country's vulnerability to seasonal downpours causing landslides and floods.
Torrential rains on Indonesia's Sulawesi island caused landslides, resulting in the deaths of at least 14 people and leaving three others missing in the Tana Toraja district of South Sulawesi province. Rescue efforts were hampered by downed communications lines, bad weather, and unstable soil. The region is known for its popular tourist attractions, including traditional houses and wooden statues in caves. Seasonal downpours lead to frequent landslides and floods in Indonesia, a country consisting of 17,000 islands where many people live in mountainous or flood-prone areas.
The Maui Fire Department is set to publish a report on Tuesday, April 16, 2024, detailing their actions in dealing with a string of wildfires that ravaged the island of Maui during a windstorm in August 2023. Photos of victims and a memorial for the wildfire victims in Lahaina, Hawaii, serve as poignant reminders of the devastation caused. The report is expected to shed light on the efforts made by search and rescue teams, firefighters, and even the use of a Chinook helicopter to combat the wildfires that left areas like Kula and Lahaina in ruins.
The Maui Fire Department in Maui County is set to publish a report on April 16, 2024, evaluating their handling of the 2023 Hawaii wildfires that decimated over 3,900 structures and forced the evacuation of numerous individuals. The report follows an external review of the department's performance during the devastating wildfires that ravaged the island last August.
A search and rescue team in Indonesia's Sulawesi Island found 20 people killed by landslides, with the last two bodies discovered in South Makale village. Rescuers recovered the bodies of a 3-year-old girl and her mother, the final victims missing after the disaster.
Volcanic lightning is an electrical discharge caused by a volcanic eruption rather than from an ordinary thunderstorm. Volcanic lightning arises from colliding, fragmenting particles of volcanic ash (and sometimes ice), which generate static electricity within the volcanic plume, leading to the name dirty thunderstorm. Moist convection currents and ice formation also drive the eruption plume dynamics and can trigger volcanic lightning. Unlike ordinary thunderstorms, volcanic lightning can also occur when there are no ice crystals in the ash cloud.The earliest recorded observations of volcanic lightning are from Pliny the Younger, describing the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, "There was a most intense darkness rendered more appalling by the fitful gleam of torches at intervals obscured by the transient blaze of lightning." The first studies of volcanic lightning were also conducted at Mount Vesuvius by Professor Palmieri who observed the eruptions of 1858, 1861, 1868, and 1872 from the Vesuvius Observatory. These eruptions often included lightning activity.Instances have been reported above Alaska's Mount Augustine volcano, Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull and Grimsvotn, Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy, Taal Volcano in the Philippines and Mount Ruang in Indonesia.
Ruang is the southernmost stratovolcano in the Sangihe Islands arc. It comprises an island 4 × 5 km wide. The summit contains a partial lava dome and reaches some 725 meters (2,379 ft) in altitude. From its summit, Klabat's peak in the south, that of Siau to the north, and Ternate to the east can all be seen.
The Ring of Fire (also known as the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Rim of Fire, the Girdle of Fire or the Circum-Pacific belt) is a tectonic belt of volcanoes and earthquakes. It is about 40,000 km (25,000 mi) long and up to about 500 km (310 mi) wide, and surrounds most of the Pacific Ocean. The Ring of Fire contains between 750 and 915 active or dormant volcanoes, around two-thirds of the world total. The exact number of volcanoes within the Ring of Fire depends on which regions are included.About 90% of the world's earthquakes, including most of its largest, occur within the belt.The Ring of Fire is not a single geological structure. It was created by the subduction of different tectonic plates at convergent boundaries around the Pacific Ocean. These include: the Antarctic, Nazca and Cocos plates subducting beneath the South American Plate; the Pacific and Juan de Fuca plates beneath the North American Plate; the Philippine plate beneath the Eurasian plate; and a complex boundary between the Pacific and Australian Plate. The inclusion of some areas in the Ring of Fire, such as the Antarctic Peninsula and western Indonesia, is disputed. The interactions at these plate boundaries have formed oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, back-arc basins and volcanic belts.The Ring of Fire has existed for more than 35 million years but subduction has existed for much longer in some parts of the Ring; many older extinct volcanoes are located within the Ring. More than 350 of the Ring of Fire's volcanoes have been active in historical times, while the four largest volcanic eruptions on Earth in the Holocene epoch all occurred at volcanoes in the Ring of Fire.Most of Earth's active volcanoes with summits above sea level are located in the Ring of Fire. Many of these subaerial volcanoes are stratovolcanoes (e.g. Mount St Helens), which are formed by explosive eruptions of tephra, alternating with effusive eruptions of lava flows. Lavas at the Ring of Fire's stratovolcanoes are mainly andesite and basaltic andesite but dacite, rhyolite, basalt and some other rarer types also occur. Other types of volcano are also found in the Ring of Fire, such as subaerial shield volcanoes (e.g. Plosky Tolbachik), and submarine seamounts (e.g. Monowai).
Two Papuan separatist leaders, Abubakar Tabuni and Natan Wanimbo, were killed in a shootout between security forces and the West Papua Liberation Army near the Grasberg gold mine in Indonesia's Papua region. The clashes took place near the mining town of Tembagapura, with rebels targeting the mine as a symbol of Indonesian rule. The area has a history of insurgency dating back to the 1960s when Indonesia annexed the region after a controversial UN-sponsored ballot.
Residents in more than a dozen states felt a magnitude 4.8 earthquake on Friday, but seismic records show that earthquakes in the 1700s and 1800s had greater magnitudes. The most significant event in the region was a magnitude 5.2 quake in 1884, shaking buildings from Maine to Virginia. Quakes in the East are felt over a wider area due to the region's bedrock, absorbing seismic wave energy inefficiently. The Ramapo Fault in New Jersey is a key fault line, where a magnitude 5.0 quake is expected every 200 years. East Coast earthquakes are rarer than on the West Coast, caused by compression of deep, hard rock.
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